ENT
Each protocol puts red flags first, then walks through treatment step by step with the medicines for each step.
Acute Sinusitisسائنس کی سوزش
Sudden headache, usually one-sided and worse on leaning forward, with nasal discharge and sinus tenderness.
Allergic Rhinitisالرجک رائنائٹس
Recurrent episodes of sneezing and watery nasal discharge without fever, usually triggered by dust or other allergens.
Ear Wax (Impacted Cerumen)
Ear blockage, itching or earache with wax in the ear canal. Soften with ear drops, then suction after 4 days.
Laryngitis
Inflammation of the voice box causing hoarseness. Usually viral.
Otitis Externa (Ear Canal Infection after Match-stick Use)
Severe earache with a history of match-stick use, a tender tragus and pinna, and an inflamed ear canal with fever.
Otitis Media (Ear Discharge)کان بہنا
Greenish or yellowish ear discharge with earache or a sense of a foreign body in the ear. Clear the ear, give topical antibiotic-anaesthetic drops if the tympanic membrane is intact, plus oral antibiotic, NSAID and antihistamine.
Otomycosis (Fungal Ear Infection)کان میں فنگس
Itching in the ear and ear blockage with greenish or white discharge. How to tell wax, otitis media and otomycosis apart matters, but the book stresses that examining the ear and experience are what differentiate them.
Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the throat wall causing sore throat and fever; treated with an antibiotic when indicated plus an NSAID and antihistamine.
Tonsillitis
Infection of the tonsils with fever, sore throat and painful swallowing. Medical management is similar to pharyngitis; recurrent cases are referred to ENT for tonsillectomy opinion.
Viral Rhinitis (Common Cold)نزلہ زکام
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa from a viral infection. Causes of rhinitis: viral and allergic.